What is AI and ML?

 

 

Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems, enabling them to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. Machine Learning (ML) is a subset of AI that focuses on developing algorithms and models that enable computer systems to learn and make predictions or decisions based on data without explicit programming.

 

 

What’s the history?

 

 

The concept of AI can be traced back to the 1950s when researchers began exploring the idea of creating intelligent machines. The development of expert systems happened in the 1970s, the emergence of neural networks in the 1980s, and the advancement of deep learning algorithms in the 2010s.

 

The Present and the Future

 

 

The global AI market was valued at $136.5 billion in 2022 and will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 37.3% from 2023 to 2030.

 

 

Examples of the Technology

 

 

1. Natural Language Processing (NLP): AI-powered systems that enable machines to understand and generate human language.
2. Computer Vision: AI algorithms that interpret and analyse visual information thus enable machines to recognise objects, faces, and scenes.
3. Recommender Systems: ML algorithms analyse user behaviour to provide personalised e-commerce and content suggestions recommendations.
4. Virtual Assistants: AI-powered chatbots and virtual assistants such as Siri and Alexa can perform tasks and answer questions.
5. Image Recognition: ML algorithms can analyse and classify images, enabling facial recognition and object detection applications.

 

 

Emerging Technologies in Artificial Intelligence

 

 

1. 1. Explainable AI (XAI): XAI aims to make AI models more transparent and understandable to humans, addressing the "black box" problem.What is the black Box Problem?The black Box Problem refers to the challenge of understanding how an AI system arrives at its decisions or predictions. When an AI model, such as a deep learning neural network, processes input data and generates an output, it can be difficult to comprehend the exact reasoning behind that output.
   2. Edge AI:Edge AI, or edge computing or on-device AI, refers to performing AI computations on local devices or edge devices rather than relying solely on cloud-based servers or data centres.

 

What are the Advantages?

 

 

1. Automation: AI and ML enable the automation of repetitive and mundane tasks, leading to increased efficiency and productivity.
2. Pattern recognition and decision Making: The systems can analyse large volumes of data and provide insights for informed decision-making as AI and ML algorithms excel at detecting patterns and insights in data.
3. Personalisation: AI algorithms and Machine learning technologies can analyse user behaviour and preferences to deliver personalised recommendations.
4. Improved Accuracy: AI technology can perform complex tasks with a higher degree of accuracy.
5. Adaptability: ML models can learn from new data and improve their behaviour over time, allowing systems to adapt and evolve.

 

 

Fields of Application across Different Industries

 

 

Artificial Intelligence and Machine learning are utilised in various industries, including:

 

1. Healthcare: The technologies aid in medical diagnosis, drug discovery, personalised medicine, and patient monitoring.
2. Manufacturing: AI optimises production processes, predictive maintenance, quality control, and supply chain management.
3. Retail: AI and ML power personalised marketing, demand forecasting, inventory management, and chatbots for customer support.

 

AI Applications in Banking & Finance

 

 

The banking sector utilises AI for several purposes, including:

1. Fraud Detection: Algorithms analyse patterns & anomalies in financial transactions to identify potential fraud.
2. Customer Service: Chatbots & virtual assistants handle customer inquiries and offer personalised recommendations.
3. Risk Assessment and Credit Scoring: Models analyse creditworthiness & finance data to assess loan applications & manage risk.
4. Process Automation: AI automates manual tasks like document processing and data entry.
5. Algorithmic Trading: Banks utilise AI & ML to enhance decision-making and improve trading strategies.

 

 

Prominent Examples

 

1. Alexa (Amazon)
2. Tesla Autopilot
3. ChatGPT (OpenAI)

 

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